The working principle, composition and failure analysis of the chiller
2022-05-20
The chiller consists of three interrelated systems: refrigerant circulation system, water circulation system, and electrical automatic control system.
1. Refrigerant circulation system:
The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs the heat in the water and starts to evaporate. The liquid refrigerant is also completely evaporated into a gaseous state and then sucked in and compressed by the compressor. The gaseous refrigerant absorbs heat through the condenser, condenses into liquid, and passes through the thermal expansion valve ( After throttling, it becomes a low temperature and low pressure refrigerant and enters the evaporator to complete the refrigerant cycle.
Second, the basic composition of the refrigeration system:
Compressor: The compressor is the core component of the refrigeration system. Its function is to convert the input electrical energy into mechanical energy and compress the refrigerant.
Condenser: In the refrigeration process, the condenser plays the role of outputting heat energy and condensing the refrigerant. After the high-pressure superheated vapor discharged from the refrigeration compressor enters the condenser, the heat absorbed from the evaporator and the refrigeration compressor and in the pipeline is transferred to the surrounding medium (water or air) to take away; the high-pressure superheated vapor of the refrigerant Recondenses into liquid.
Liquid accumulator: The liquid accumulator is installed after the condenser and is directly connected to the discharge pipe of the condenser. The refrigerant liquid of the condenser should flow into the liquid receiver unimpeded, so that the cooling area of the condenser can be fully utilized. On the other hand, when the heat load of the evaporator changes, the demand of the refrigerant liquid also changes accordingly, and then the accumulator plays the role of adjusting and storing the refrigerant.
Filter drier: In the refrigeration cycle, it is necessary to prevent the entry of water and dirt (oil, iron filings, copper filings), etc. If the water in the system is not completely removed, when the refrigerant passes through the throttle valve (thermal expansion valve or capillary) When , Due to the drop of pressure and temperature, sometimes the water will freeze into ice, which will block the channel and affect the normal operation of the refrigeration device.
Thermal expansion valve: The thermal expansion valve is both a flow control valve and a throttle valve in the refrigeration system. It is installed between the drying filter and the evaporator in the refrigeration equipment. Its temperature sensing package is wrapped at the outlet of the evaporator. place. Its main function is to throttle and depressurize the high-pressure and normal-temperature refrigerant liquid when it flows through the thermal expansion valve, and turn it into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant wet vapor (enter the evaporator, vaporize and absorb heat in the evaporator, and achieve the purpose of cooling and cooling.
Evaporator: The evaporator is a heat exchange device that relies on the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid to absorb the heat of the cooled medium. Its function in the refrigeration system is to absorb heat (or output cold). In order to ensure that the evaporation process can be carried out stably and lastingly, the evaporating gas must be continuously pumped out by the refrigeration compressor to maintain a certain evaporation pressure.
Refrigerant: NTC uses R22 as the refrigerant. Its role is to carry heat and to achieve heat absorption and heat release when the state changes.
3. Water circulation system:
The water circulation system is a water pump that pumps water from the water tank to the equipment that the user needs to cool. The chilled water takes away the heat and then the temperature rises, and then returns to the chilled water tank.
4. Electrical automatic control system:
The electrical automatic control system includes a power supply part and an automatic control part.
The power supply part supplies power to compressors, fans, water pumps, etc. through contactors.
The automatic control part includes thermostat, pressure protection, delay device, relay, overload protection, etc. to achieve automatic start and stop according to the water temperature, protection and other functions.
1. Refrigerant circulation system:
The liquid refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs the heat in the water and starts to evaporate. The liquid refrigerant is also completely evaporated into a gaseous state and then sucked in and compressed by the compressor. The gaseous refrigerant absorbs heat through the condenser, condenses into liquid, and passes through the thermal expansion valve ( After throttling, it becomes a low temperature and low pressure refrigerant and enters the evaporator to complete the refrigerant cycle.
Second, the basic composition of the refrigeration system:
Compressor: The compressor is the core component of the refrigeration system. Its function is to convert the input electrical energy into mechanical energy and compress the refrigerant.
Condenser: In the refrigeration process, the condenser plays the role of outputting heat energy and condensing the refrigerant. After the high-pressure superheated vapor discharged from the refrigeration compressor enters the condenser, the heat absorbed from the evaporator and the refrigeration compressor and in the pipeline is transferred to the surrounding medium (water or air) to take away; the high-pressure superheated vapor of the refrigerant Recondenses into liquid.
Liquid accumulator: The liquid accumulator is installed after the condenser and is directly connected to the discharge pipe of the condenser. The refrigerant liquid of the condenser should flow into the liquid receiver unimpeded, so that the cooling area of the condenser can be fully utilized. On the other hand, when the heat load of the evaporator changes, the demand of the refrigerant liquid also changes accordingly, and then the accumulator plays the role of adjusting and storing the refrigerant.
Filter drier: In the refrigeration cycle, it is necessary to prevent the entry of water and dirt (oil, iron filings, copper filings), etc. If the water in the system is not completely removed, when the refrigerant passes through the throttle valve (thermal expansion valve or capillary) When , Due to the drop of pressure and temperature, sometimes the water will freeze into ice, which will block the channel and affect the normal operation of the refrigeration device.
Thermal expansion valve: The thermal expansion valve is both a flow control valve and a throttle valve in the refrigeration system. It is installed between the drying filter and the evaporator in the refrigeration equipment. Its temperature sensing package is wrapped at the outlet of the evaporator. place. Its main function is to throttle and depressurize the high-pressure and normal-temperature refrigerant liquid when it flows through the thermal expansion valve, and turn it into a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant wet vapor (enter the evaporator, vaporize and absorb heat in the evaporator, and achieve the purpose of cooling and cooling.
Evaporator: The evaporator is a heat exchange device that relies on the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid to absorb the heat of the cooled medium. Its function in the refrigeration system is to absorb heat (or output cold). In order to ensure that the evaporation process can be carried out stably and lastingly, the evaporating gas must be continuously pumped out by the refrigeration compressor to maintain a certain evaporation pressure.
Refrigerant: NTC uses R22 as the refrigerant. Its role is to carry heat and to achieve heat absorption and heat release when the state changes.
3. Water circulation system:
The water circulation system is a water pump that pumps water from the water tank to the equipment that the user needs to cool. The chilled water takes away the heat and then the temperature rises, and then returns to the chilled water tank.
4. Electrical automatic control system:
The electrical automatic control system includes a power supply part and an automatic control part.
The power supply part supplies power to compressors, fans, water pumps, etc. through contactors.
The automatic control part includes thermostat, pressure protection, delay device, relay, overload protection, etc. to achieve automatic start and stop according to the water temperature, protection and other functions.
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